Objectives
- fit a thermal scale, compare a power-law alternative, and document response assumptions
- Separate event counts or catalog values from calibrated and inferred quantities.
- Quantify one uncertainty, sensitivity, or selection effect.
- Produce a reproducible figure/table with a scientific caption.
Materials and setup
Use Python 3, the supplied xray_spectrum.csv, and the source documentation named below. The supplied record is clearly labeled in data/README.md. Record file hash, row count, columns, units, processing state, and provenance level.
Computed check: Lacc = 2.7875e+30 W and Lacc/(mdot c^2) = 0.49222 The radius is an illustrative inner-disk scale; spin and relativistic efficiency are omitted.
Procedure
- Inspect the file and make a schema table before filtering or fitting.
- Reproduce the baseline calculation with units and an independent hand-derived formula.
- Apply the activity-specific task: fit a thermal scale, compare a power-law alternative, and document response assumptions.
- Perform one perturbation or alternative-model test and report the direction of change.
- Write a caption that identifies data, transformation, inference, uncertainty, and limitation.
Measurement and analysis record
| Record | Required entry |
|---|---|
| Input | File, source, release or access date, columns, units, and provenance level. |
| Model | Equation, parameter values, boundary conditions, and approximation. |
| Uncertainty | Statistical term plus calibration, distance, response, or model sensitivity. |
| Validation | Independent recomputation, limiting-case check, and comparison direction. |
Deliverables and assessment
Submit code or notebook, provenance manifest, one labeled figure or table, a 700-word methods memo, and a revision note. Full credit requires traceable input, correct units, explicit assumptions, uncertainty treatment, and a specific limitation. Resubmission with a change log is encouraged.
Sources and provenance
Use the supplied Chandra-inspired counts as level-3 teaching data; compare the 5 keV thermal check with a power-law residual pattern. Reference anchor: OpenStax 5.2 and Chandra mission hardware.. Level-1 mission facts are listed separately from level-2 literature/object parameters and level-3 teaching records.