Lecture 08: Growth of Structure and Redshift-Space Distortions

ASTR 476: Observational Cosmology · 2026-09-27

Driving question: How does gravity build structure after the CMB?

Learning objectives

  1. Derive the linear growth equation and define the growth rate f.
  2. Explain how peculiar velocities distort clustering in redshift space.
  3. Distinguish model growth curves from observed f sigma8 constraints.
Terms · 8 min

Terms for This Lecture

Density contrast

Definition: The fractional matter-density perturbation relative to the cosmic mean.

Why it matters here: It is required to answer How does gravity build structure after the CMB? and to distinguish direct observation from cosmological inference.

Relationships: Read it with Growth factor, the model \(delta'' + (2+H'/H)delta' - 3 Omega_m(a) delta/2 = 0\), and the evidence statement Growth curves in this package are model calculations, not measured galaxy power spectra; published DES S8 is used only as a separate summary constraint.

Boundary or common confusion: The scale-independent growth equation assumes linear perturbations and general relativity with smooth dark energy; massive neutrinos and modified gravity alter the picture.

Slide 1 · 8 min

Density contrast evolves

Define delta=(rho-rhobar)/rhobar and contrast linear growth with nonlinear collapse.

Slide 2 · 10 min

Expansion damps growth

Read the Hubble-friction term and gravitational source term in the growth equation.

Slide 3 · 12 min

Velocity leaves a redshift-space signature

Connect coherent infall to anisotropic clustering and the growth rate f=d ln D/d ln a.

Slide 4 · 12 min

Compute a normalized growth history

Numerically integrate the standard LCDM growing-mode integral and report normalization convention.

Slide 5 · 10 min

Complementary observables

Compare geometry from BAO/SNe with growth from RSD/lensing and explain why the comparison tests gravity.

Slide 6 · 8 min

Validity envelope

Name scales and epochs where linear, scale-independent growth fails.

Growth of Structure and Redshift-Space DistortionsGrowth curves in this package are model calculations, not measured galaxy power spectra; published DES S8 is used only as a separate summary constraint.scale factor anormalized linear growth D(a)D(1)=1 normalizationIllustrative growth-shape sketch; package numerical values are generated by the growth integral
Growth curves in this package are model calculations, not measured galaxy power spectra; published DES S8 is used only as a separate summary constraint.

Quantitative anchor

The normalized model growth factor is D(0.5)=0.76892 and D(1)=0.60675; these are model outputs.

\[delta'' + (2+H'/H)delta' - 3 Omega_m(a) delta/2 = 0\]

Interpretation and limits

Linear density growth responds to the expansion history and clustering matter. Redshift-space distortions probe coherent peculiar velocities and constrain f sigma8, complementing geometric distance probes.

Boundary: The scale-independent growth equation assumes linear perturbations and general relativity with smooth dark energy; massive neutrinos and modified gravity alter the picture.

Evidence: Growth curves in this package are model calculations, not measured galaxy power spectra; published DES S8 is used only as a separate summary constraint.

Active check: Name scales and epochs where linear, scale-independent growth fails.

ASTR 476 · Lecture 08 · 60-minute module · Growth of Structure and Redshift-Space Distortions